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Jan 28, 2012 –
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Ukhrul is situated in the north eastern region of Manipur state in India. It is home to the famous Shiroi Lily and the Naga warrior tribe, the Tangkhuls. Ukhrul District is bordered on the North by Nagaland, by Myanmar on its East, by Senapati District of Manipur itself on its West, and Imphal East & West Districts (again of Manipur) to its South. Ukhrul District covers an area of about 4544 sq.kms, and is one of the largest districts of the state of Manipur.Ukhrul District is a hilly region with varying heights of 913m to 3114m from sea level. The headquarter Ukhrul is linked with Imphal at a distance of about 78km by the National Highway 150, and at a time distance of 3hours by ordinary passenger bus service. The Tangkhuls are fair in complexion and more akin to the Mongolians in facial appearance and stature. The population of ukhrul district is 1,09,275 (1991 Census) with a population density of 24 per Sq. Km. with the male to female ratio as 1000 : 878 with a decennial growth rate of 32 %. The total population of the district constitutes 6.02 % of the total population of the state , spread over about 230 villages. Literacy percentage is 62.54 (1996).
The climate of the district is of temperate nature with a minimum and maximum degrees of 3 C to 33 C. The average annual rainfall is 1,763.7 mm (1991). The exact location of the district in the globe is 24N - 25.41 N and 94 E - 94.47 E. The rainy season in the district is from May to beginning of October broadly but Winter is chilly. The highest peak is the Khayang peak-3114 m (MSL), though the more popularly know peak is the Shirui Kashung Peak - 2,835 m (MSL). Ukhrul, the District HQ, is 2,020 m (MSL). Most of the major rivers originate from the crevices and slopes of this Shirui Peak. The terrain of the district is rippled with small ranges and striped by few rivers. Somrah - Angkoching range, striped by Sanalok and Namba Lok; Shangshak - Phungyar range adjacent to which is the Shokvao - Mapithel - Kasom range striped by Tuyungbi and Taret Lok in the middle and Thoubal river in the West and Kachai - Hoome - Tampak Ngashan (Mahadev) range, striped by the tributaries of Thoubal river on the Eastern side and Iril River on the Western side.
The ancestors of the Tangkhuls follow a kind of hierarchy but democratic in practice. It is a combination of hierarchy and democracy, and hence, it can be termed as Hierarchical-Democracy or Democratic -Hierarchy. Thus, their ways of ruling and governance follow the principle of Federal Democracy. With the King or Chief of the Village at the head, there are the Clan Chiefs, who constitute the HANGVA, the Village Authority. The collective wisdom of this Hangva governs the village administration. The decisions of the village authority is based on consensus unanimity. The pattern of sharing of power is federal in nature and apart from the central subjects the units/clans have their lists of subjects to regulate on their own. This is akin to the present division of subjects into the center and the state lists of modern governments. There is also the wider administrative category at the regional level, though it has slightly less subjects but organized for serving common interests of the area. The Tangkhul Religion, known to some as Hao Religion, is a monotheistic religion with a little blend of animism and they worship with reverential owe the “KAZING NGALEI KASA AKHAVA” - The God, creator of Heaven and Earth. To this God, they have different titles of addressed like “VARIVARA” “KAZINGWUNG” NGALEIWUNG” “LUIPHILAVA” KASHONGWUNG” “ONGSORWO” etc. corresponding to the theme and object/place of activities. The reason why the people could not address the God directly is that the “HE” was so great that it was incomprehensible to the mind of the ancestors. Hence, they are monotheists with a slight mingling of pantheism. This religious background makes them receptive to Christian Faith, and hence its ready acceptance. This district is the birthplace of Christianity and Western education in Manipur State, brought as early as 1896 by a Baptist Missionary called Rev. Pettigrew. The district, now, has one college after his name, the William Pettigrew College at Somsai, Ukhrul. Now, almost 99 % of the population have embraced Christianity. The main Christian sects are: Baptist Church, Catholic Church, Seventh Day Adventist Church, Church of Christ etc. There are also some small groups of Hindus, Muslims, and others from among those who come from outside.
There are numerous places of tourist interests where year round tourists flock to in the Tangkhul inhabited district of Ukhrul. The most frequented areas are :
